Module D: Fish Response Assessment Index (FRAI)

The standard protocol for fish-based river health assessment in South Africa, developed as part of the River Ecoclassification system. The Fish Response Assessment Index (FRAI) evaluates the ecological condition of river reaches based on the response of fish assemblages to habitat and flow changes, water quality, and other drivers. Used alongside SASS5, VEGRAI, and geomorphological assessments for integrated river health assessment. Citation: Kleynhans, C.J., Louw, M.D. and Moolman, J. (2007) Module D: Fish Response Assessment Index. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria.