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Freshwater biodiversity: importance, threats, status and conservation challenges
A comprehensive global review of freshwater biodiversity, documenting the importance of freshwater ecosystems, major threats including habitat degradation, flow modification,... -
Dublin Principles on Water and Sustainable Development (1992)
Four guiding principles established at the International Conference on Water and the Environment (ICWE) held in Dublin, Ireland, 26-31 January 1992, attended by 500 participants... -
Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa
Comprehensive overview of Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) as arguably the most important tool for simultaneously driving rural development, improving... -
SADC Protocol on Gender and Development (2008/2016)
Regional framework for gender mainstreaming adopted by SADC Heads of State in August 2008, entered into force in 2013, and revised in 2016 to align with the Sustainable... -
GWP Stakeholder Analysis: IWRM Toolbox
The Global Water Partnership's comprehensive set of methods and tools for stakeholder analysis within the Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) framework. The GWP defines... -
miniSASS Citizen Science Protocol & Guidelines
Protocol and guidelines for the Mini Stream Assessment Scoring System (miniSASS), a citizen science tool developed in South Africa for community-based river health assessment.... -
IncoMaputo Multi-Stakeholder Platform Design Report (2024)
Report documenting the design of a transboundary multi-stakeholder platform (MSP) for the Incomati and Maputo river basins within the INMACOM framework. Supported by the... -
Inkomati-Usuthu CMA Stakeholder Engagement Framework
The stakeholder engagement framework of the Inkomati-Usuthu Catchment Management Agency (IUCMA), based in Mbombela (Nelspruit), South Africa. The IUCMA operates within the... -
South Africa National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998)
One of the most progressive water laws globally, the National Water Act fundamentally reformed South Africa's water governance after apartheid. Key provisions for stakeholder... -
SADC Guidelines for Strengthening RBOs: Stakeholder Participation (2010)
Official guidelines published by the SADC Water Division in 2010 as part of a comprehensive package for strengthening River Basin Organisations (RBOs) across the Southern... -
Incomati Ecological Reserve Assessment
Ecological Reserve determination studies for the Incomati River system under South Africa's National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998). The Ecological Reserve represents the quantity... -
Transboundary Water Governance Best Practices (GWP)
Global Water Partnership (GWP) guidelines for effective shared watercourse management. Synthesises international experience in transboundary water governance, drawing on case... -
Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Project ICJ Judgment (1997)
Landmark judgment of the International Court of Justice in the case concerning the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Project (Hungary v Slovakia), decided on 25 September 1997. Arose from a... -
SADC Regional Water Policy (2005)
Strategic framework for regional water resources management adopted by SADC member states in 2005. Supports implementation of the Revised Protocol on Shared Watercourses. Covers... -
Incomati Basin Joint Water Resources Study
Comprehensive hydrological and water resources study of the Incomati River Basin shared by South Africa (62% of catchment area), Mozambique (27%), and Eswatini (11%). The... -
Brisbane Declaration on Environmental Flows (2007)
International consensus statement on the critical importance of environmental flows for sustaining freshwater ecosystems and the human livelihoods that depend on them. Issued at... -
INMACOM Watercourse Commission Establishment Agreement (2021)
Agreement establishing the Incomati and Maputo Watercourse Commission (INMACOM) as a full watercourse commission, superseding the advisory Tripartite Permanent Technical... -
Tripartite Interim Agreement on the Incomati and Maputo Watercourses (2002)
Water sharing agreement between South Africa, Mozambique, and Eswatini (then Swaziland) covering both the Incomati and Maputo river systems. Signed on 29 August 2002 at the... -
SADC Revised Protocol on Shared Watercourses (2000)
The only legally binding water instrument in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Originally signed in 1995 as the first binding regional water agreement in the... -
30x30 Conservation Targets for Inland Waters
Analysis of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework Target 3 ('30x30') as it applies to freshwater and inland water ecosystems. Target 3 commits to conserving 30% of...